RESUMO
Two screening methods for the assay of amphetamines and their derivatives have been applied to the same analytical instrument for their evaluation. In addition to an assay at a cut-off of 1000 microg/l, a new specific reagent was evaluated for an ultra-sensitive assay of amphetamines and 3,4-methylendioxymetamphetamine with a cut-off of 300 microg/l. The assay confirmation was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry techniques. The results were positive for both screening methods, confirming the efficacy of two simultaneous methods with different cut-off levels.
Assuntos
Anfetaminas/urina , Testes de Química Clínica/métodos , Imunoensaio/métodos , N-Metil-3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/urina , 3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/urina , Adolescente , Adulto , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Testes de Química Clínica/estatística & dados numéricos , Técnica de Imunoensaio Enzimático de Multiplicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Imunoensaio/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Metanfetamina/urina , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nanoestruturas , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/diagnóstico , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/urinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Substances in the middle molecular weight range have been shown to play a significant pathogenetic role in as diverse disorders as end-stage renal disease and multiple organ failure. To overcome the limitations in the amount removed by hemofilters, new sorbents with a high biocompatibility are actively being developed. Furthermore, biocompatible sorbents by their nonspecific adsorptive behavior could have great impact on detoxification treatment in exogenous intoxications. We performed an in vitro evaluation of a newly developed highly biocompatible sorbent cartridge (Betasorb((R))), examining its adsorptive capacity concerning therapeutic drugs. METHODS: Uremic blood spiked with a range of therapeutic drugs was recirculated for 2 h in an in vitro hemoperfusion circuit containing a Betasorb device for hemoperfusion. The drug concentrations before and after the passage of the cartridge were measured, and the total amount removed was calculated. RESULTS: The sorbent showed effective removal of glycopeptide antibiotics, digoxin, theophylline, phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid. Moderate removal could be demonstrated for tacrolimus and cyclosporine A; aminoglycosides were removed to a small extent only. CONCLUSION: Betasorb hemoperfusion shows a potent adsorptive capacity concerning therapeutic drugs (except aminoglycosides) and could be of major value in the treatment of intoxications. On the other hand, drug monitoring and possible adjustments are necessary during Betasorb hemoperfusion to maintain the therapeutic ranges of the drugs in blood.
